What Is the Income-Related Monthly Adjustment Amount (IRMAA)?
Higher-income Medicare beneficiaries pay more for Medicare Part B (medical insurance) and Medicare Part D (prescription drug coverage). This additional charge is called the Income-Related Monthly Adjustment Amount (IRMAA).
Most people do not pay IRMAA. In 2025, it applies only to those whose modified adjusted gross income (MAGI) in 2022 was:
- Over $103,000 (individual tax return)
- Over $206,000 (joint tax return)
Social Security uses your most recent federal tax return to determine if you owe IRMAA. If you do, you’ll receive a letter explaining your premium amount and why you were assessed.
Medicare Part B Premiums With IRMAA (2025)
The standard Part B premium in 2025 is $174.70/month. If your income is higher, IRMAA increases your premium as shown below:
| 2022 Income (Individual) | 2022 Income (Joint) | 2022 Income (Married, Separate) | 2025 Part B Premium |
|---|---|---|---|
| $103,000 or less | $206,000 or less | $103,000 or less | $174.70 |
| $103,001 – $129,000 | $206,001 – $258,000 | N/A | $244.60 |
| $129,001 – $161,000 | $258,001 – $322,000 | N/A | $349.40 |
| $161,001 – $193,000 | $322,001 – $386,000 | N/A | $454.20 |
| $193,001 – $500,000 | $386,001 – $750,000 | $103,001 – $396,999 | $559.00 |
| $500,000 or more | $750,000 or more | $397,000 or more | $594.00 |
Medicare Part D Premiums With IRMAA (2025)
Part D plan premiums vary by insurer, but IRMAA adds an extra amount based on income. This adjustment is added to your plan’s premium and is paid directly to Medicare.
| 2022 Income (Individual) | 2022 Income (Joint) | 2022 Income (Married, Separate) | 2025 Part D Premium |
|---|---|---|---|
| $103,000 or less | $206,000 or less | $103,000 or less | Your plan premium |
| $103,001 – $129,000 | $206,001 – $258,000 | N/A | $12.90 + plan premium |
| $129,001 – $161,000 | $258,001 – $322,000 | N/A | $33.30 + plan premium |
| $161,001 – $193,000 | $322,001 – $386,000 | N/A | $53.80 + plan premium |
| $193,001 – $500,000 | $386,001 – $750,000 | $103,001 – $408,999 | $74.20 + plan premium |
| $500,000 or more | $750,000 or more | $409,000 or more | $81.00 + plan premium |
Note: The Part D adjustment is based on a percentage of the national base beneficiary premium, not your plan’s specific premium.
Can You Appeal an IRMAA Decision?
If your income has dropped and you no longer meet the thresholds, you can request a new determination from Social Security. Situations that may qualify include:
- Marriage, divorce, or becoming widowed
- You or your spouse stopped working
- Loss of income-producing property due to disaster or other events
- Employer pension plan terminated or restructured
- Settlement from an employer due to closure or bankruptcy
Next Steps
If you receive an IRMAA notice, review it carefully and verify your tax information. You can contact us or the Social Security Administration for help with appeals or questions.
For more Medicare cost guidance, explore our resources: